ES ieško naujos bendros paskolos Ukrainos biudžeto deficitui padengti
EuroposCommission ir dalis ES šalių siekia pritarimo naujoms bendroms skoloms, kurios galėtų suteikti Ukrainos biudžetui apie 45 mlrd. eurų papildomų lėšų. Tuo metu Belgija ir Vokietija blokuoja platesnį panaudojimą užšaldytų Rusijos centrinio banko aktyvų, o Čechija, Vengrija ir Slovakija atsisakė garantuoti ankstesnę 90 mlrd. eurų paskolą.
Pagrindiniai faktai
- Nauja ES bendros skolos priemonė galėtų Ukrainos biudžetui suteikti apie 45 mlrd. eurų papildomų lėšų.
- Ukrainos 2027 m. biudžeto deficitas gali siekti beveik 70 mlrd. eurų arba 78,5 mlrd. dolių.
- ES лідеrai 2025 m. pabaigoje susitarė suteikti Ukrainos 90 mlrd. eurų paskolą 2026–2027 m. poreikiams.
- Pasikos lėšos skolinamos kapitalo rinkose, o užtikrina ES bendras biudžetas, ne užšaldyti Rusijos aktyvai.
- Čechija, Vengrija ir Slovakija atsisakė garantuoti 90 mlrd. eurų paskolą, todėl jai neteперліga finansinių įsipareigojimų.
- Belgija blokuoja platesnį užšaldytų Rusijos centrinio banko aktyvų panaudojimą, o Vokietija taip pat neigiamai vertina šį planą.
- Lideriai ES susitiks Dubline lapkričio 12–13 d. aptarti Ukrainos finansinį deficitą ir ES biudžetą.
Kodėl tai svarbu
Nauja bendros skolos priemonė galėtų padengti maždaug 45 mlrd. eurų, o tai yra beveik du trečdaliai numatomo Ukrainos 2027 m. biudžeto deficito. Jei ES šalys nesusitarė dėl paskolos, likusį deficitą turės padengti tarptautiniai partneriai. Питання заморожених активів also affects whether additional funding can rely on those assets, while Germany has linked broader EU support for Ukraine to agreement on the EU’s 2028–2034 budget.
Kas nutiko
Europos Commission and several EU countries are seeking support for new common borrowing to finance Ukraine’s budget deficit. The most likely mechanism resembles last year’s loan, with funds raised on capital markets and backed by the EU’s common budget and available budget reserve. The proposal could provide about 45 billion euros in additional financing.
At the end of 2025, EU leaders agreed on a 90 billion euro Ukraine Support Loan for Ukraine’s 2026 and 2027 needs. Its funds are raised on capital markets under EU common-budget guarantees; Russia’s frozen assets are not the loan’s financial backing. The mechanism proceeded despite Czechia, Hungary and Slovakia refusing to guarantee it, so they did not take on the associated financial commitments.
Belgium continues to block broader use of the roughly 210 billion euros in Russian state assets held at the Euroclear depository in Brussels. It says it cannot unilaterally bear responsibility for possible Russian court claims or compensation demands, while Brussels seeks distribution of those risks among EU countries through reliable guarantees. Germany also opposes using the assets. EU leaders were due to meet in Dublin on 12 and 13 November to discuss Ukraine’s financing deficit and the EU budget.
Kaip apie tai rašo Ukrainos šaltiniai
Ukrainian reporting emphasizes the need for additional financing and presents a new common loan as the principal mechanism for covering roughly 45 billion euros of the budget deficit. It gives particular attention to Belgium and Germany’s positions on frozen assets, stressing that using them could expose countries to Russian legal claims and demands for compensation.
Kaip apie tai rašo tarptautiniai šaltiniai
International coverage focuses on German chancellor Friedrich Merz’s call for all EU states to participate in financing Ukraine and his warning that Germany may block the EU budget without broad participation. The wider framing also treats Ukraine policy as part of the European budget, with related costs shared across the bloc.
Kontekstas
At the end of 2025, EU leaders agreed on a 90 billion euro loan to cover Ukraine’s needs in 2026 and 2027. The funds are raised on capital markets under guarantees from the EU common budget. Czechia, Hungary and Slovakia declined to guarantee the loan, but the mechanism was implemented without their financial commitments. The EU had already sought additional financing for Ukraine for 2027 at meetings of the IMF and G7 in October.